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169 lines
9.2 KiB
169 lines
9.2 KiB
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd">
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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en">
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<title>handbook</title>
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<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
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pre {font-size:133% }
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<body>
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<h1 id="Installation-Guide">Installation Guide<a href="#Installation-Guide" class="wiki-anchor">¶</a></h1>
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<h2 id="Thank-you-for-using-Calculate-Linux">Thank you for using Calculate Linux!<a href="#Thank-you-for-using-Calculate-Linux" class="wiki-anchor">¶</a></h2>
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<p>We have tried to do for you the most convenient system for work, using the original installer, redesigned user interface, templates, Calculate utilities and Gentoo Portages. The system distributed as installation image, which contains best software. Most of software have an free license, which allows you to install, distribute and modify the source code.</p>
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<p>In the description you may see the following abbreviations for distributions:</p>
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<ul>
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<li>CLD - Calculate Linux Desktop KDE</li>
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<li>CLDG - Calculate Linux Desktop GNOME</li>
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<li>CLDX - Calculate Linux Desktop XFCE</li>
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<li>CLS - Calculate Linux Scratch</li>
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<li>CDS - Calculate Directory Server</li>
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<li>CSS - Calculate Scratch Server</li>
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</ul>
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<p>To obtain administrator rights in system running from livecd use login root with password <strong>root</strong>. Access to the desktop CLD, CLDG and CLDX obtains by the user guest with password <strong>guest</strong>.</p>
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<h2 id="Network-configuration">Network configuration<a href="#Network-configuration" class="wiki-anchor">¶</a></h2>
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<p>To configure the network in CLDG use <em>Networkmanager</em>, in versions with the KDE and XFCE desktop use <em>Wicd</em>. Both programs have a graphical interface through which you can configure both wired and wireless networks. When you load the program, it tries to bring up a network interface and obtain an IP address from a DHCP server. Start the program using the icon in the upper right corner of the screen.</p>
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<p>Network Configuration of Calculate Directory Server and Calculate Linux Scratch is performed through a configuration file <em>/etc/conf.d/net</em>, help on setting up a network can be found in the file <em>/usr/share/doc/openrc/net.example</em>. After changing the settings, restart the network interface:</p>
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<pre>
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/etc/init.d/net.eth0 restart
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</pre>
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<h2 id="Partition-management">Partition management<a href="#Partition-management" class="wiki-anchor">¶</a></h2>
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<p>Before installing, you may need to change the partitions on your hard disk. To set the CLD, CLDG and CLDX we recommend that you use the partition at least 10 GB. More detailed hardware requirements can be found <a href="http://www.calculate-linux.org/main/en/hardware_requirements" class="external">here</a>. As a rule, you need to allocate a swap partition with a size roughly equal to the amount of RAM. If the swap partition already exists, the system will use it. It is useful to have a separate partition for personal files (/home). Our recommendations on partitioning described <a href="http://www.calculate-linux.org/main/en/disk_partitioning" class="external">here</a>.</p>
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<p>In the CLD to change the disk partition included the program <em>Partitionmanager</em>, for CLDG and CLDX - <em>Gparted</em>. You can also perform disk partitioning in the graphical installer, that uses utilities <em>cfdisk</em>. CLS and CDS contains only the command line utilities: <em>fdisk</em> or <em>cfdisk</em>.</p>
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<p>To view a list of existing partitions, open a console as user <em>root</em> and type:<br /><pre>
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fdisk -l
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</pre></p>
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<p>Note: To obtain <em>root</em> permissions in the console, use su or sudo.</p>
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<p>If you never used Linux, you will need a bit of time trying to get used to the other headings.<br />In Linux, partitions are referred to as <em>sda1, sda2, ...</em> instead of the usual C:\, D:\, ...</p>
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<p>You can also use already prepared partition or create it from <em>Windows</em>. To determine the selected partition in Linux, remember the sequence of its location and size. Usualy, drive, C:\ corresponds sda1, disk D:\ - sda2.</p>
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<h2 id="Installation">Installation<a href="#Installation" class="wiki-anchor">¶</a></h2>
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<p>Installing Calculate Linux 10.9 performs by program <code>cl-install</code>. CLD, CLDG, CLDX and CLS distros have a graphical front-end <code>cl-install-gui</code>. Use a graphical installation utility, If possible. The program can be run by clicking on the icon "Calculate Linux Install" on the desktop.</p>
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<p>To install system to second partition of the hard disk using <code>cl-install</code>, run the following command in terminal with <em>root</em> rights:<br /><pre>
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cl-install -d /dev/sda2
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</pre></p>
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List of most commonly used parameters:
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<ul>
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<li><strong>-l</strong> - the system language. Supported: bg_BG - Bulgarian, en_US - American English, de_DE - German, es_ES - Spanish, fr_FR - French, it_IT - Italian, pl_PL - Polish, pt_BR - Portuguese, ru_RU - Russian and uk_UA - Ukrainian.</li>
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<li><strong>--mbr DEVICE</strong> - disk with master boot record, the value of 'off' disables the change.</li>
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</ul>
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<p>During installation, the program will extract <em>stage4</em> - the image of the system - and performs the initial configuration using templates.</p>
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<h2 id="Installing-on-USB-Flash">Installing on USB-Flash<a href="#Installing-on-USB-Flash" class="wiki-anchor">¶</a></h2>
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<p><em>Before you begin, make a backup of your data on a flash drive.</em></p>
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<p>To install the system on the USB-Flash uses a command line utility <code>cl-install</code>. Plug the flash drive to your computer. To determine the device name of your stick, run following command in console with the rights <em>root</em>:<br /><pre>
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fdisk -l
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</pre></p>
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<p>If your flash drive was defined as device /dev/sdb, to make installation of the system to it, type in console:<br /><pre>
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cl-install -d /dev/sdb1
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</pre></p>
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<h2 id="The-first-launch">The first launch<a href="#The-first-launch" class="wiki-anchor">¶</a></h2>
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<p>After installing the CLD, CLDX and CLSG in the system are two users: <em>root</em> and <em>guest</em> (if you do not specify other users). Access to the graphical session can get the user <em>guest</em>. Use the username <em>guest</em> with password <strong>guest</strong> to login.</p>
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<p>In CLS by default have no graphical invitation to enter the password. After installation you can login as root and launch window manager with command:<br /><pre>
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startx
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</pre></p>
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<p>For <em>root</em> user, use the command "su". Create users described in detail <a href="http://www.calculate-linux.org/main/en/create_system_users" class="external">here</a>.</p>
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<p>By default, you can log into the system remotely using ssh only by root. You can add a space to other users or to replace the root user edit the options AllowUsers file <em>/etc/ssh/sshd_config</em>. We recommend to remove the right to remotely access the system for the user <em>root</em>.</p>
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<h2 id="Update">Update<a href="#Update" class="wiki-anchor">¶</a></h2>
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<p>You can update the system virtually unlimited number of times, using Portage manager install programs <em>emerge</em>. First update Portage and <em>Calculate overlay</em> by running:<br /><pre>
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eix-sync
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</pre></p>
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<p>After that, you can upgrade existing or install new versions of programs, using the program emerge.</p>
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<p>You could update Calculate Linux using ISO image of new system version. For this you need to have a free partition on your hard drive required for installation. To update, download ISO image into directory <em>/var/calculate/linux</em> and perform update with <code>cl-install</code>:<br /><pre>
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cl-install -d /dev/sdaX
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</pre></p>
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<p>Substitute sdaX with your partition number.</p>
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<p>Most of the settings of the current system, such as user accounts, network settings, mount points, screen resolution, and the rest will be transferred to the new system.</p>
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<h2 id="Help">Help<a href="#Help" class="wiki-anchor">¶</a></h2>
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<p>If your installation has any difficulties, or you want to share your impressions, visit the IRC channel <em>#calculate</em> (server FreeNode) user community Calculate Linux. It's enough to use Xchat icon on your desktop.</p>
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<p>Website: <a class="external" href="http://www.calculate-linux.org">http://www.calculate-linux.org</a><br />Newsletter: <a class="external" href="http://www.calculate-linux.org/main/en/maillist">http://www.calculate-linux.org/main/en/maillist</a><br />IRC chat: <a class="external" href="http://www.calculate-linux.org/irc">http://www.calculate-linux.org/irc</a></p>
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<p><em>Enjoy!</em><br /><em>Calculate Linux Team.</em></p>
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</body>
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</html>
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