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167 lines
9.1 KiB
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd">
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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en">
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<title>handbook</title>
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<body>
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<h1 id="Installation-Guide">Installation Guide<a href="#Installation-Guide" class="wiki-anchor">¶</a></h1>
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<h2 id="Thank-you-for-using-Calculate-Linux">Thank you for using Calculate Linux!<a href="#Thank-you-for-using-Calculate-Linux" class="wiki-anchor">¶</a></h2>
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<p>We do our best to offer you a most convenient system for work, using the original installer, redesigned user interface, templates, Calculate utilities and Gentoo Portages. The system is distributed as an installation image, which contains chosen software. Most of the software we have included come under the free license, thus allowing you to install, distribute and modify the source code.</p>
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<p>Below is the complete list of our distributions with their abbreviations:</p>
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<ul>
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<li>CLD - Calculate Linux Desktop KDE</li>
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<li>CLDG - Calculate Linux Desktop GNOME</li>
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<li>CLDX - Calculate Linux Desktop XFCE</li>
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<li>CLS - Calculate Linux Scratch</li>
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<li>CMC - Calculate Media Center</li>
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<li>CDS - Calculate Directory Server</li>
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<li>CSS - Calculate Scratch Server</li>
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</ul>
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<p>To obtain administrator rights in the system running from livecd use login root with password <strong>root</strong>. Access to the desktop CLD, CLDG and CLDX can be obtained by the user guest with password <strong>guest</strong>.</p>
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<h2 id="Network-configuration">Network configuration<a href="#Network-configuration" class="wiki-anchor">¶</a></h2>
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<p>Network Setup in CLD, CLDG and CLDX is performed with the Networkmanager. The program has a graphical interface with which you can configure both wired and wireless networks. When you load the program, it tries to bring up a network interface and obtain an IP address from a DHCP server. Start the program using the icon in the upper right corner of the screen.</p>
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<p>Network Configuration of CLS, CDS and CSS is performed through a configuration file <em>/etc/conf.d/net</em>, help on setting up a network can be found in <em>/usr/share/doc/openrc/net.example</em>. After changing the settings, restart the network interface:</p>
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<pre>
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/etc/init.d/net.eth0 restart
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</pre>
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<h2 id="Partition-management">Partition management<a href="#Partition-management" class="wiki-anchor">¶</a></h2>
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<p>Before installing, you may need to change the partitions on your hard disk. To set the CLD, CLDG and CLDX, we recommend that you use the partition of at least 10 GB. More detailed hardware requirements can be found <a href="http://www.calculate-linux.org/main/en/hardware_requirements" class="external">here</a>. The swap partition (swap) will normally be twice the size of RAM. If the swap partition already exists, the system will use it. It is wise to have a separate partition for personal files (/home). See more detailed recommendations on partitioning <a href="http://www.calculate-linux.org/main/en/disk_partitioning" class="external">here</a>.</p>
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<p>The CLD distro uses <em>Partitionmanager</em> to change the disk partitioning, while CLDG and CLDX use <em>Gparted</em>. You can also partition the disk in the graphical installer, using <em>cfdisk</em> utilities. Note that CLS and CDS contain only the command line utilities: <em>fdisk</em> or <em>cfdisk</em>.</p>
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<p>To view a list of existing partitions, open a console as user <em>root</em> and type:<br /><pre>
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fdisk -l
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</pre></p>
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<p>Note: To obtain <em>root</em> permissions in console, use su or sudo.</p>
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<p>If you are new to Linux, you will need a bit of time getting used to the headings differences.<br />In Linux, partitions are referred to as <em>sda1, sda2, ...</em> instead of the usual C:\, D:\, ...</p>
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<p>You can also use the existing partition or create it from <em>Windows</em>. To determine the selected partition in Linux, remember the sequence of its location and size. Usually, drive C:\ corresponds to sda1, disk D:\, to sda2.</p>
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<p><h2 id="Installation">Installation<a href="#Installation" class="wiki-anchor">¶</a></h2>
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<p>Installing Calculate Linux 10.9 or higher performs by program <code>cl-install</code>. CLD, CLDG, CLDX and CLS distros have a graphical front-end <code>cl-install-gui</code>. The program can be run by clicking on the icon "Calculate Linux Install" on the desktop.</p>
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<p>To install system to second partition of the hard disk using <code>cl-install</code>, run the following command in terminal with <em>root</em> rights:<br /><pre>
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cl-install -d /dev/sda2
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</pre></p>
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List of most commonly used parameters:
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<ul>
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<li><strong>--hostname HOSTNAME</strong> - set short hostname of full hostname;</li>
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<li><strong>-l</strong> - the system language. Supported: en_US - American English, bg_BG - Bulgarian, de_DE - German, es_ES - Spanish, fr_FR - French, it_IT - Italian, pl_PL - Polish, pt_BR - Portuguese, ru_RU - Russian and uk_UA - Ukrainian;</li>
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<li><strong>--mbr DEVICE</strong> - disk with master boot record, the value of 'off' disables the change.</li>
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</ul>
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<p>During installation, the program will extract <em>stage4</em> - the image of the system - and performs the initial configuration using templates.</p></p>
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<h2 id="Installing-on-USB-Flash">Installing on USB-Flash<a href="#Installing-on-USB-Flash" class="wiki-anchor">¶</a></h2>
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<p><em>Before you begin, we highly recommend that you make a backup of your data on a flash drive.</em></p>
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<p>To install the system on the USB-Flash uses a command line utility <code>cl-install</code>. Plug the flash drive to your computer. If you don't know the device name of your stick, run the following in console with the rights <em>root</em>:<br /><pre>
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fdisk -l
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</pre></p>
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<p>If your flash drive was defined as device /dev/sdb, type in console to install the system on it:<br /><pre>
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cl-install -d /dev/sdb1
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</pre></p>
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<h2 id="The-first-launch">The first launch<a href="#The-first-launch" class="wiki-anchor">¶</a></h2>
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<p>After installing the CLD, CLDX and CLSG you get two users: <em>root</em> and <em>guest</em> (if you have not specified other user accounts). The user <em>guest</em> can get access to the graphical environment: use the username <em>guest</em> with password <strong>guest</strong> to login.</p>
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<p>CLS has by default no graphical invitation to enter the password. After installation you can login as root and launch window manager typing:<br /><pre>
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startx
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</pre></p>
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<p>To become the <em>root</em> user, use the command "su". More details on creating user accounts can be found <a href="http://www.calculate-linux.org/main/en/create_system_users" class="external">here</a>.</p>
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<p>By default, you can log into the system remotely using ssh only by root. To add a space for other users or to replace the root user edit the options AllowUsers in <em>/etc/ssh/sshd_config</em>. We recommend to deny the remote access for the <em>root</em> user.</p>
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<h2 id="Update">Update<a href="#Update" class="wiki-anchor">¶</a></h2>
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<p>Calculate Linux is a rolling-release distribution. You can update the system virtually unlimited number of times, using the "emerge" software manager. To update all of the installed packages, execute:<br /><pre>
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layman -s calculate
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eix-update
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emerge -uD world
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</pre></p>
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<p>To install additional software, update Portage:<br /><pre>
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eix-sync
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</pre></p>
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<p>After that, you can upgrade existing or install new versions of programs with "emerge". A quick reference can be found <a href="http://www.calculate-linux.org/main/en/add_and_remove_programs" class="external">here</a>. Read also the <a href="http://www.calculate-linux.org/main/en/system_update_guide" class="external">System Update Guide</a>.</p>
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<h2 id="Help">Help<a href="#Help" class="wiki-anchor">¶</a></h2>
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<p>If you have any difficulties installing Calculate Linux, or if you want to share your impressions, visit the IRC channel <em>#calculate</em> (server FreeNode) of our user community. You just have to click on the Xchat icon on your desktop.</p>
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<p>Website: <a class="external" href="http://www.calculate-linux.org">http://www.calculate-linux.org</a><br />Newsletter: <a class="external" href="http://www.calculate-linux.org/main/en/maillist">http://www.calculate-linux.org/main/en/maillist</a><br />IRC chat: <a class="external" href="http://www.calculate-linux.org/irc">http://www.calculate-linux.org/irc</a></p>
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<p><em>Enjoy!</em><br /><em>Calculate Linux Team.</em></p>
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</body>
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</html>
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